Drawn animation
The early years: before disney
Phenakistoscope.
The Phenakistoscope was a circular disc that used the theory of persistence of vision to display movement. The person who invented the Phenakistoscope was a man named Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau. He was a Belgian Physicist and was the first person to demonstrate the illusion of movement. The disk was spun quickly, so that the images could be shown quickly and consecutively, creating the illusion of movement.
The Phenakistoscope was a circular disc that used the theory of persistence of vision to display movement. The person who invented the Phenakistoscope was a man named Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau. He was a Belgian Physicist and was the first person to demonstrate the illusion of movement. The disk was spun quickly, so that the images could be shown quickly and consecutively, creating the illusion of movement.
Thaumotropes.
The name Thaumotrope means "wonder turner" or "turning Marvel". This device was invented by a man called, Sir John Herschel. The principle of this device is also based on the persistence of vision. One sheet of circular paper has one drawing on each side. When this piece of paper is spun quickly, the two images will merge and become one. The thaumotrope was on of the earlier forms of animation.
The name Thaumotrope means "wonder turner" or "turning Marvel". This device was invented by a man called, Sir John Herschel. The principle of this device is also based on the persistence of vision. One sheet of circular paper has one drawing on each side. When this piece of paper is spun quickly, the two images will merge and become one. The thaumotrope was on of the earlier forms of animation.
Flipbooks.
The first flip book ever created was in 1868. It was created by a man named John Barnes Linnett and was originally named the Kineograph. Like most early forms of animation, the flip book also used the concept of persistence of vision. A small book with drawings on each page is flipped. Each page has the same drawing but one or many aspects have been changed slightly. The changed aspects create the illusion of movement. If a flip book is done smoothly, 300 pages should art for about 10-15 seconds depending on how fast the book is flipped.
The first flip book ever created was in 1868. It was created by a man named John Barnes Linnett and was originally named the Kineograph. Like most early forms of animation, the flip book also used the concept of persistence of vision. A small book with drawings on each page is flipped. Each page has the same drawing but one or many aspects have been changed slightly. The changed aspects create the illusion of movement. If a flip book is done smoothly, 300 pages should art for about 10-15 seconds depending on how fast the book is flipped.
Cell animation.
The concept of cell animation. Cell animation is when images are drawn on a clear celluloid cover. They are then laid over each other to create a scene and then are photographed. This technique was first used in 1915 by a man called Winsor McCay.
Cell animation and techniques.
A famous full length cell animation film created was snow white and the seven dwarves. The camera used to fil this was a multiplane camera. The multiple takes a picture of various artworks at once and matches them, giving a 3D effect.
Sound.
1877 was the year which Thomas Edison invented the technique to record sounds. He then went on to invent a way to connect the picture and sound. Through 1889 to 1893 Edison developed the kinetophone. This had the ability to connect sound and images.